Crushing and/or grinding apparatus



Sept. 15, 193.6. s. R. TONKIN a CRUSHING AND/OR GRINDING APPARATUS Filed June 11, 1934 June/1am, SAMUEL RICHARD TONKIM Patented Sept. 15, 1936 r CRUSHING AND/OR GRINDING APPARATUS Samuel Richard Tonkin, Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia Application June 11, 1934, Serial No. 729,937. In Great Britain June 28, 193-3 6 Claims. (Cf. 83--53} This invention relates to crushing and/or The bearing 8- is of any suitable known selfgrinding apparatus and has for its objectto proaligning type (no detailed description of which vide a simple, robust and efiici'ent apparatus for is here deemed necessary) the. arrangement being this purpose. such as to permit a limited degree of rocking 5,; According to my invention the apparatus commovement. The rotatable shaft 2 isdriven. by prises two surfaces, between which the material means of the driving pulley H keyed or otheris adapted to be crushed and/or ground, one such wise secured to the shaft 2, and driven by any surface being adapted for substantially reciprosuitable means. eating vertical movement, or av combination of The anvil surface of the block 3 is preferably m such reciprocatory and other movement, and the shaped to conform substantially with the pei! other constituting an anvil surface, the said moveripheral surface of the crushing, roller.

ment being effected by the centrifugal action of The unbalanced mass is secured to the disc 4 a rotating mass having its centre of gravity by means of bolts or studs l2 passing through eccentric to its axisof rotation. holes 13 provided on the the arrangement 15. A crushing or grinding. mill made. according to being. such that the mass 5 can. be secured at the present invention comprises a roller mounted any position on theouterface oi. the disc and for rotation with a shaft, and an anvil block in thereby permit different portions; of, thepeassoci'ation therewith. The rotation of a mass riphera-lsurface of the. roller to be brought into mounted on the shaft and having its centre of contact with the material on, the anvil.

go gravity eccentric to the axis of the shaft, causes A chute i4 is positioned on the feeding side of go the said crushing roller to rise and fall, and the crushing roller the rotation of thesaid rollxer thereby crush or grind the material between the thus tending to feed the material. to ire-crushed surfaces. between the roller and. the anvil block, the ground A preferred embodiment of my invention will material being discharged with some force from 35 nowvbe described with reference to the 'accomthe opposite side of the anvil block immediately panying drawing wherein: it is crushed or ground. The rotation of the Fig- 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the roller causes the treated material to be thrown apparatus; clear of the anvil block.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of Fig. I looking in. the The apparatus may be supported on concrete 3o direction of. the arrow; foundation blocks l1 and I8. 39

' Fig. 3 is a. detail view of a modification; In a modification shown in 3, the bear- Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the ing t and its associated guides 9' are dispensed mechanism additional to that shown in Figs. 1-3, with and a similar effect obtained by the use of for imparting endwise movement to the shaft; a strap surrounding the shaft 2- and arm 2f,

and the outer end of which is carried byand 'sup- Fig. 5 is an end view of part of the mechanism ported in an L shaped bracket 22 fixed to the shown in Fig. 4. foundation block H the arrangement being such Like reference numerals indicate correspond: asto provideasubstantially vertical reciprocatory ing parts in all the figures. movement to that end of the shaftadjacent the ii} I Referring now to the drawing, the apparatus roller I. (it) broadly comprises a crushing or grinding, roller I When desired a lateral endwise movement may fixedly mounted on a shaft 2 and adapted for be imparted to the shaft 2 by the addition of a rotation therewith, and. an anvil block 3 in assomechanism as shown by way of example in Figs. ciation with the said roller I. A disc 4 is fixedly 4 and 5.

mounted on the shaft 2 and. is provided with a The deviceillustrated comp es discs a d mass 5 positioned near the periphery thereof. 32 through which the shaft 2 is adapted to' slide The shaft 2 is mounted in bearings l and 8 in freely- The disc 32 supports the outer ends of such a manner as to allow for a degree of vertical two guide bars 33 the: opposite ends of the guide movement of the said shaft. The bearing 7 is bars passing through the fixed bearing 8 of the positioned at that end of the shaft near the shaft 2'. The outer ends of the bars 33 may be 50 crushing roller l1, and the bearing. 8 near the shouldered and screwed and provided with nuts opposite end of the shaft. A guide frame 9 allows 34-. Acol-lar. 35 is fixed toor provided on the shaft the bearing T and the adjacent end of the shaft 2 between the discs30: and 3|. A helical spring 36 to. slide up and down in a vertical direction, but tends to maintain the disc 35 and shaft in their 55, prevents any movement in a lateral direction. normal position- Endwise movement is imparted 55.

to the collar 35 and consequently to the shaft by toggle mechanism comprising arms 36 and link 31. The link 31 is pivotally mounted on a pin 38 eccentrically disposed on the face of the ratchet wheel 39. Ratchet wheel 39 is adapted to be intermittently rotated by the operation of a pawl the latter being rigidly mounted on one end of a pivot rod 4|, the opposite end of which is f bentto define a rocking arm. which is rocked at each revolution of the driving pulley H by means of the pin 43 eccentrically mounted on the circular face of the driving pulley II. The rocking arm 42 is returned to itsnormal position after each oscillation by means of spring ,the outer end of which is secured to'a fixed pin 45. From the above construction it will be seen that each revolution of the driving pulley causes the pawl 40 to rotate the ratchet wheel 39 an angular distance equal to the pitch of the ratchet wheel tional mechanism. .7

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters.

with 'a result that the arms 36 of the toggle tend to align,-comp1ete alignment taking place during the time the ratchet wheel has made a complete revolution. The endwise movement of the shaft is thus effected by the displacement of the 'members 36 of the toggle, the outer end of one member bearing against the fixed bearing-and the outer end of the other member against the disc 30 to move the collar 35 and consequently the shaft in an endwise direction.

"When the link 31 is raised or lowered, the spring 36 tends to move the collar 35 and -'consequentlythe shaft towards the right to its normal prssmon,

While I have found the above mechanism suit able forimparting endwise movement to the shaft, I wish it to be understood that any other suitable and known mechanism may be employed for a likepurpose, for example the toggle links may be dispensed with and two corrug ated engaging surfaces may be employed'one of which is adapt ed to ride upon the other by reason of the rotation of the pulley to give a like effect.

The roller shaftand'other parts may be formed of any suitable material, but 'in practice I have found a shaft formed of wood for example oak or ash to be preferable, although a metallic shaft may also be used.

'In operation the material to be crushed is fed into the chute l4 and is carried between the roller I and anvil surface 3 by therotation of the roller, the crushing and grinding operation of the material being effected by reason of the relative movement of the roller I and anvil surface 3' the former being reciprocated vertically by reason of the rotation of the unbalanced mass 5 secured to the disc 4 and rigidly mounted on the shaft 2, endwise reciprocating movement being in some cases imparted to the shaft by "a suitable addi- Patent isr 1. Crushing and grin-ding apparatus comprising an anvil surface, a crushing roller positioned over the anvil surface and between which, and the said anvil surface the material is adapted to be crushed, a shaft adapted for rotation mounted above said anvil surface to support the crushing roller, an eccentric mass carried by said shaft and having its centre in spaced relation to the axis of the said shaft, two bearings supporting the said shaft one being a self-aligning bearing adjacent of vertical} movement of that end of the shaft remote from the'said self-aligning bearing, that part of the said shaft carrying the crushing roller being adapted to reciprocate by the centrifugal action of the said eccentric mass.

2. Crushing and grinding apparatus comprising an'anvil surface, a crushing roller positioned over the anvil surface and between which, and the said anvil surface the material is adapted to be crushed, a shaft adapted for rotation mounted above'said anvil surface to support the crushing roller, an eccentric mass carried by said shaft and having its centre in spaced relation to the axis of the said shaft, two bearings supporting the said shaft one being a self-aligning bearing adjacent the driving end of the shaft, and the other being defined by a pair'of vertical guides which permit a degree of vertical movement of that end of the shaft remote from the said self-aligning bearing, that'part of the said shaft carrying the crushing roller being adapted to reciprocate. by the centrifugal action of the said eccentric mass. 3. Crushing and g'rindingapparatus comprising an anvil surface, a crushing roller positioned over the anvil surface and between which, and the said.

anvil surface the material is adapted to be crushed, a shaft adapted for rotation mounted above said anvil surface to support the crushing roller, an eccentric mass carried by said shaft and having its centre in spaced relation to the axis of the said shaft, two bearings supporting the said shaft one being a self-aligning bearing adjacent the driving end of 'the shaft, and the other being spaced apart from the first, a transverse rod, said second bearing beingmounted on said transverse ondbearing permitting a'degree of vertical movement of that end of the shaft remote from the said self-aligning bearing, that part of thesaid shaft carrying the crushing roller being adapted to reciprocate by the centrifugal action of the said eccentric mass. 7 a 1 V 4.Crushing and grinding apparatus comprising an anvil member, a recess in the anvil member, a crushing roller adapted to co-operate with the said recess to crush the material, a shaft adapted for rotation mounted above 'said anvil surface to support the crushing roller, an eccentric ,mass carried by said shaft and having. its centre in spaced relation to the axis of the said shaft, two bearings supporting the said'shaft one being a self-aligning bearing adjacent the driving end of theshaft, and the other being defined by a pair of guides which permit a degree of vertical movement of that end of the shaft remote from the said self-aligning bearing, that part of the said shaft carrying the crushing roller being adapted t o reciprocate by the centrifugal action of the said eccentric mass. r

5. Crushing and grinding apparatus'comprising an anvil member, a recess in the anvil member, a crushing roller adapted to co-operate with the said recess; to crush the material, a chute adapted for delivering material to be crushed into the said recess, a shaft adapted for rotation mounted above said anvil surface to support the crushing roller, an eccentric mass carried by said shaft and having its centre in spaced relation to the axis of the said shaft, two bearings supporting thesaid shaft one being a self-aligning bearing adjacent the driving end of the shaft,.and the other being defined by a pair of guides which permit a degree of vertical movement of that end 7 of the shaft remote from the said self-aligning bearing, that part of the said shaft carrying the crushing roller being adapted to reciprocate by a the centrifugal action of the said eccentric mass.

6. Crushing and grinding apparatus comprising an anvil surface, a crushing roller positioned over the anvil surface and between which, and the said anvil surface the material is adapted to be crushed, a shaft adapted for rotation mounted above said anvil surface to support the crushing roller, an eccentric mass carried by said shaft and having its centre in spaced relation to the axis of the said shaft, two bearings supporting the said shaft one being a self-aligning bearing adjacent the driving end of the shaft, and the other being defined by a pair of guides which permit a degree of vertical movement of that end of the shaft remote from the said self-aligning bearing, means associated with the said shaft for producing an endwise motion of said crushing roller, that part of the said shaft carrying the crushing roller being adapted to reciprocate by the centrifugal action of the said eccentric mass.

SAMUEL RICHARD TONICIN. 

